[MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of two Greek freedom fighters

Aristide Caratzas acaratzas at gmail.com
Tue May 20 14:09:50 PDT 2014


This is my last comment to the remarks by Mr. Allen.
Precisely because we are writing for a scholarly audience in terms of
epistemology your remarks were unclear; yes, strictly in terms of legal
science, the inhabitants of British-occupied Cyprus were not Greek citizens
-- but an arbitrary legalistic definition is not adequate in allowing us to
understand why two young men fought the foreign occupying army and their
domestic collaborators, risked and paid with their lives in order to secure
ένωσις/union with Greece.
In terms of a number of other approaches, whether cultural, historical,
even political, there is little doubt that, at least the Orthodox
Christians of the island were Greek, clearly with local idiosyncrasies --
about 85% of the population. And in a 1950 referendum the vast majority of
that population (including many Muslim inhabitants, by the way) preferred
union Greece -- why would one expect people to leave if they felt Greek
given that Cyprus was their home for millennia, the British occupied,
clearly violating the will of that majority . . . what is so difficult to
understand about that?
In this context it is difficult to understand how much more "precise and
accurate in one's language" can be and remain scholarly.

Aristide Caratzas


On Tue, May 20, 2014 at 10:24 PM, Allen, Peter S. <PAllen at ric.edu> wrote:

> First “bigotry” and “distortion,” now “belittling and demeaning” as well
> as “sanctimonious.”  I reject and resent these labels.  This will be my
> last post on this topic, but I want to make a few things clear.
>
>   My initial post addressed the fact that Mr. C. described the two
> executed men as “Greeks.”  Scholarship depends on precision and accuracy.
> Anyone reading this post could have assumed that Mssrs. Karaolis and
> Demtriou were citizens of Greece who had come to Cyprus to oppose British
> rule there, rather than natives of the island.  I wrote merely to correct
> that impression and calling for a more accurate descriptor.  When I said
> that neither man was a Greek citizen nor had a Greek passport, this was
> said to differentiate them from other “Greeks” who may have had these
> credentials.  It was not in any way meant to belittle nor demean. These
> posts eventually provoked a brief, but productive discussion of identity by
> Danforth, Caratzas and myself. Then things got out of hand.
>
>     I want to clarify what I meant when I said that any Cypriot could have
> emigrated to Greece. What I meant was that if a Greek Cypriot felt his/her
> self-identification as “Greek”  and identity as such in the eyes of others
> (although probably not in the eyes of Turkish Cypriots) was insufficient
> and the prospects of *enosis* too remote, then he/she had the option of
> becoming a Greek citizen by emigrating.  I am not familiar with the Greek
> immigration laws of the time, but I seem to remember that Greek Cypriots
> had an easier time acquiring Greek citizenship than most other
> nationalities (Kevin Andrews wrote a very good article about his
> interminable journey through the Greek bureaucracy to obtain Greek
> citizenship in 1975).
>
>    It is hard for me to see where Mr. C. is coming from with his remark
> that I somehow privilege a “transnational order over one built on ethnic
> identities.” I never said anything of the sort. Rather, what I was saying,
> or meant to say, is that when writing for a scholarly audience (and this is
> a scholarly list), one has to be precise and accurate in one’s language;
> describing these two men as “Greeks” in the context of his post was
> possibly misleading and did requite a qualifier/modifier since there were
> some Greek citizens fighting the British on Cyprus at that time.  It is
> unfortunate that a posting designed merely to clarify a statement has
> escalated to such proportions and name-calling.
>
>
>
> Peter Allen
>
>
>
> Peter S. Allen
>
> Department of Anthropology
>
> Rhode Island College
>
> Providence, RI 0290
>
> 401-456-9639
>
> Fax: 401-456-9736
>
>
>
> *From:* Aristide Caratzas [mailto:acaratzas at gmail.com]
> *Sent:* Monday, May 19, 2014 4:47 PM
> *To:* Allen, Peter S.; MGSA-L LIST
>
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
>
>
> The whole discussion began precisely because I had made notice of
> anniversary of the British murder-execution of Karaolis and Demetriou on
> May 10, 1956 — these men died because they saw themselves as Greeks, who
> fought for union of Cyprus, their unredeemed part of Hellenism, with
> Greece.
> Mr. Allen said that "it is irrelevant what [*these men*] called
> themselves (I can call myself Chinese, but that does not make me Chinese).
> They did not have Greek citizenship nor did they have Greek passports."
> It is difficult not to characterize this remark as belittling and
> demeaning. Karaolis & Demetriou died in order not to deny their Greek
> identity, aspiring to "Greek citizenship ... [and] ... passports."
>
> Mr. Allen assumes that an imperial (or currently fashionable term
> "transnational") order is superior to one built around ethnic or national
> entities — that this is not a universal is a legitimate subject for
> discussion; for instance it is by no means a given, particularly for
> peoples who have a sense of an ethnic identity built within a complex
> culture that has developed over centuries or miliennia, as is the case for
> the Greeks and the Jews for instance.
>
> The death of aforesaid heroic individuals, and of the freedom fighters
> that followed them also killed by the British, as well as Isaak and
> Solomos, murdered by Turkish occupation forces in the nineties, could be
> seen as the value that these brave individuals placed on their Greekness
> (Ελληνικότητα).
> To ignore this fact presupposes that one operates on a different level, to
> what Dr. Katsetos refers as a different reality, one that posits that its
> assumptions are superior, and hence can ignore the sacrifices of these
> otherwise ordinary people.
>
> Aristide Caratzas
>
>
>
> On Mon, May 19, 2014 at 7:07 PM, Allen, Peter S. <PAllen at ric.edu> wrote:
>
> I reject Dr. Katsetos’s accusations of bigotry and distortion.  I have
> never demeaned any Cypriot nor questioned the right of Cypriots to
> self-determination. I have always shown respect to the Cypriot peoples and
> argued strongly for self-determination. British colonial rule on Cyprus,
> until 1955, was, for the most part, benign, but it was colonialism
> nonetheless, and anachronistic by the time it ended. And the reputation of
> the British is forever tarnished by their behavior between 1955 and 1960.
> There is no justification for British actions in this period.
>
>    The “distorted linkage” to which Dr. Katsetos refers is nothing
> compared to the writer on this list who compared my statement to the idea
> of sending American blacks back to Africa.  THAT is distortion. Moreover, I
> fail to understand how I have demonstrated that my “reality is somehow
> superior to that of the natives.” To what “reality’ is Dr. K’s friend
> referring/?
>
>
>
> Peter Allen
>
>
>
> Peter S. Allen
>
> Department of Anthropology
>
> Rhode Island College
>
> Providence, RI 0290
>
> 401-456-9639
>
> Fax: 401-456-9736
>
>
>
> *From:* Christos D. Katsetos [mailto:cd_katsetos at yahoo.com]
> *Sent:* Saturday, May 17, 2014 9:46 PM
> *To:* Allen, Peter S.; 'Terkourafi, Marina'; 'Aristide Caratzas'; MGSA-L
> LIST
> *Cc:* ckatseto at drexelmed.edu
>
>
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
>
>
> In reply to the non-apology offered by Prof Peter S Allen, formerly,
>
> vice president of MGSA, I should like to quote an esteemed Greek Cypriot
>
> colleague of mine that "*no freedom-loving man leaves his land to suit *
>
> *a conqueror, fair and square!*"
>
>
>
> At issue is Prof Allen's earlier statement that if a native of Cyprus were
>
> to declare a Greek identity (during the British colonial rule), he/she
> should
>
> have emigrated to Greece. I submit that this is an utterly condescending
>
> and dehumanizing remark, which exudes bigotry and lack of respect towards
>
> self-determination. Such a remark flagrantly violates the dignity of Greek
> Cypriots
>
> and ought to be viewed as a sheer manifestation of dehumanization and
>
> disentitlement, raising serious concerns at various levels.
>
>
>
> Interestingly, in an attempt to justify his argument, Prof Allen engaged
> in
>
> a distorted linkage of different ideas, both out of context and time
> sequence,
>
> by juxtaposing the case of repatriation of diaspora Jews to the State of
> Israel
>
> while also throwing around the names of a Greek Cypriot scholar who
> pursued
>
> his career path in Greece along with that of a highly-successful and
> influential
>
> business tycoon, the Greek Cypriot chairman of the board of directors of
> the
>
> Hellenic Coca-Cola Bottling Company (and beyond).
>
>
>
> In the words of a learned historian and good friend who reflected
> critically
>
> on the content of this thread, " *[Prof] Peter Allen represents a school
> of students*
>
> *of Greece who approach the subject with the idea that their reality is
> somehow*
>
> *superior to that of the natives. Not unlike many in the British colonial
> administrations*
>
> *or the slavemasters of the old South, mutatis mutandis*."
>
>
>
> Christos D. Katsetos, MD, PhD, FRCPath
> http://www.drexelmed.edu/Home/AboutOurFaculty/ChristosKatsetos.aspx
> http://www.stchristophershospital.com/find-a-physician/120
>
> On Wednesday, May 14, 2014 8:32 AM, "Allen, Peter S." <PAllen at ric.edu>
> wrote:
>
>
>
> *I am sorry if I offended anyone with this remark and to them I apologize,
> but I do not necessarily apologize for the remark.  Just as thousands (tens
> of thousands?) of Jews emigrated to Israel when it got its independence in
> 1947, after Greece got its independence in 1830/1831 there were a number of
> individuals who emigrated to the new state which they must have felt would
> be a friendlier environment than where they were living, or perhaps they
> wanted to help build the new state.  Some came from Cyprus and continue to
> come from Cyprus to this day.  Prominent Greeks originally from Cyprus now
> living in Greece include Paschalis Kitromilides and George David, just to
> name two whose  names are probably familiar to those on this list. I don’t
> know what their motives were, but they came voluntarily. *
>
>
>
> Peter Allen
>
>
>
>
>
> Peter S. Allen
>
> Department of Anthropology
>
> Rhode Island College
>
> Providence, RI 0290
>
> 401-456-9639
>
> Fax: 401-456-9736
>
>
>
>
>
> *********************************************
>
>
>
> *An idea is a curious thing. It will not work unless you do.* — W. H.
> Smith
> ------------------------------
>
> *From:* mgsa-l-bounces at uci.edu [mgsa-l-bounces at uci.edu] on behalf of
> Terkourafi, Marina [mt217 at illinois.edu]
> *Sent:* Tuesday, May 13, 2014 2:15 PM
> *To:* Christos D. Katsetos; Allen, Peter S.; 'Aristide Caratzas'; MGSA-L
> LIST
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
> On Monday, May 12, 2014 1:42 PM, "Allen, Peter S." <PAllen at ric.edu>
> wrote:
>
> "...*Anyone who desired to be fully Greek could have emigrated to Greece.
> Britain imposed no restrictions on such moves.*"
>
>
>
> I am not a historian but I was also struck by the above statement, as it
> is in contrast with what I know from our family history. In the early
> 1950's, when my paternal grandfather needed to travel from Cyprus to Greece
> to receive treatment for tuberculosis, he was not allowed to export money
> to pay for it, but instead had to have the money sown inside his jacket to
> be able to pay for surgery. It is hard to imagine that, if Britain
> controlled so closely the flow of currency out of Cyprus, it would not have
> done the same with the flow of people. Perhaps a historian of the British
> period in Cyprus can weigh in on this.
>
>
>
> As for identity, it is indeed a formidable notion, and, unlike
> citizenship, it can hardly ever be settled on legal grounds. Rather, it
> involves both Self's claim to identity and (at least as a desideratum)
> Other's uptake. While Cypriots' self-identification today may not be what
> it was in the 1940's or 50's (moreover, both then and now, not everyone
> would have identified in the same way), I believe the question of whether
> colonial Britain saw its Greek Cypriot subjects as Greek is one that
> deserves further study. I am reminded here of a WWII poster by the British
> Administration that I saw at the Leventis Municipal Museum in Lefkosia
> which urged Cypriots to "Fight for mother Greece! Join the British Army!".
> Slogans such as this suggest that Britain did acknowledge (i.e. provide
> uptake to) the Greek identity claims of those of its Cypriot subjects that
> advanced them (at least, it did so when it served its interests).
>
>
>
> Finally, it is not the case that this situation is the same as today's "If
> they want to feel African, they can return to Africa" -- much as both are
> equally deplorable. Today's economic migrants and asylum seekers are often
> denied their rights to freely practise their cultures/languages/religions
> in a foreign country (Greece), but for Cypriots under British rule, it was
> the right to self-determination in the country where they were born and
> where their ancestors had lived (Cyprus) that was denied. That is the case,
> of course, in colonial situations all over the world but one should be wary
> of stretching historical parallels where they do not apply.
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> Marina Terkourafi
> Associate Professor of Linguistics
>
> Center of Advanced Study Associate (2013-14)
> Associate Editor, *International Review of Pragmatics*
>
> University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
> 4080 Foreign Languages Building
> 707 S Mathews Avenue, MC-168
> Urbana, IL 61801
>
> Fax: +1 (217) 244-8430
>
> http://faculty.las.illinois.edu/mt217/
>
>
>
> *********************************************
>
>
>
> *An idea is a curious thing. It will not work unless you do.* — W. H.
> Smith
> ------------------------------
>
> *From:* mgsa-l-bounces at uci.edu [mgsa-l-bounces at uci.edu] on behalf of
> Christos D. Katsetos [cd_katsetos at yahoo.com]
> *Sent:* Tuesday, May 13, 2014 10:07 AM
> *To:* Allen, Peter S.; 'Aristide Caratzas'; MGSA-L LIST
> *Cc:* Andreas N. Akaras; andreas.karaolis at btopenworld.com;
> mignatiou at aol.com; mariosle at yahoo.com; ckatseto at drexelmed.edu; Diamataris
> H.
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
> On Monday, May 12, 2014 1:42 PM, "Allen, Peter S." <PAllen at ric.edu>
> wrote:
>
> "...*Anyone who desired to be fully Greek could have emigrated to Greece.
> Britain imposed no restrictions on such moves.*"
>
>
>
> Further to my last, may I add that Prof Allen's statement above raises
> eyebrows. It is both deeply troubling and offensive to Greek Cypriots and
> amounts to a sheer insult to the memory of Mihalakis Karaolis and Andreas
> Demetriou who were sent to the gallows fighting for their right of
> self-determination. May I also suggest that Prof Allen's statement was
> hardly a slip of the tongue and that this line of argument is fundamentally
> no different from the uttering of bigots in this country to the effect that
> "if they want to feel African, they can return to Africa".
>
>
>
> A public apology is due.
>
>
>
> RELATED LINK
>
>
>
> http://maillists.uci.edu/pipermail/mgsa-l/2014-May/003425.html
>
>
>
> Christos D. Katsetos, MD, PhD, FRCPath
> http://www.drexelmed.edu/Home/AboutOurFaculty/ChristosKatsetos.aspx
> http://www.stchristophershospital.com/find-a-physician/120
>
> On Monday, May 12, 2014 1:42 PM, "Allen, Peter S." <PAllen at ric.edu> wrote:
>
> *As I said, I have no desire to prolong this discussion, but I feel
> obliged to comment on Mr. C.’s commentary.;*
>
> I find it more than ironic that Mr. Caratzas calls for a “diminished use
> of charged adjectives” yet calls into question the quality of my
> scholarship and then suggest that I am somehow “anti-intellectual.” I
> resent these remarks. Identity is a VERY tricky issue. There is  nothing
> “arbitrary” about the citizenship of the residents of Cyprus during the
> period of British colonialism there. They were living on the island of
> Cyprus and were thus citizens thereof, albeit constrained by the terms of
> British colonial rule – they were subjects of the British, but not with the
> privileges enjoyed by citizens of England. Anyone who desired to be fully
> Greek could have emigrated to Greece. Britain imposed no restrictions on
> such moves. During that time they may have called themselves “Greeks” or
> “Turks” or even ”Armenians” but that does not make these designations
> accurate. Mr. Caratzas brings up the Greek revolution, suggesting that
> Greek identity played a major role in that event. Undoubtedly it did, but
> there were many regional identities that were much stronger.  Many of the
> war lords who played an important part in the Greek revolution of 1821,
> such as Petrobey Mavromichalis, were surprised to find out that liberation
> from the Ottomans did not mean that they and their ilk could go about their
> business and rule their little fiefdoms, but rather they would be paying
> taxes to an entity called Greece and their sons would be subject to
> conscription by its armies, etc.  When Mavromichalis objected, he was
> imprisoned and we all know the rest of that story. It reminds me of the
> case of Italy.  When its various principalities were finally unified in the
> 1860s one of the architects of that union announced to the assembled
> unifiers, “Gentlemen, we have created Italy, now we have to create
> Italians.” It took several decades for a true Greek identity to manifest
> itself after the revolution. My own research on Cyprus (see “Bicommunal
> Separatism in Cyprus” in Saud Joseph and Barbara Pillsbury, eds, *Muslim-Christian
> Conflicts; Economic, Political, and Social Origins*. Boulder, CO:
> Westview Press, 1978, pp.208-233) reveals that, although there were
> Greek-speakers on Cyprus from as early as 1400 B.C.E., during Ottoman times
> the island’s populations defined themselves according to their religious
> affiliation not ethnicity or language. This was a fundamental feature of
> the millet system practiced by the Ottomans. Greek speakers were generally
> defined as “Orthodox Christian” and the Turkish speakers “Muslims.”  Some
> Christians (the so-called lino-vamvaki) converted to Islam nominally
> (mainly to be spared the inequalities heaped on the Christian population)
> but continued to practice Christianity clandestinely.
>
>   As to Mr. Danforth’s point, it seems clear (see my article cited above)
> that the terms “Greek Cypriot” and “Turkish Cypriot” emerged about the same
> time (probably during the period of British rule and probably compounded by
> their use of the terms) since under the Ottomans they had been “Christian”
> and “Muslim”; therefore, there is really no reason to privilege one over
> the other.
>
> And, yes, Cyprus was invaded by the Turks in 1974. I  know this well as I
> was on the island before, during and after the invasion and managed to
> travel around the island rather freely during this time (I drove as far as
> Cape Andreas just a week after the invasion, e.g.).  Lert me remind Mr.
> Caratzas that te invasion by the Turks was precipitated by a coup conceived
> of and engineered by the Greek Junta government during which Turkish
> Cypriots were targeted and slaughtered (I witnessed the aftermath of this
> personally). This does not justify in any way the atrocities that were
> clearly committed by the Turkish troops who invaded (I lost several close
> Greek Cypriot friends in that conflict), but it was the crass attempt by
> the Greek junta to annex Cyprus by force along with a failure of the
> guaranteeing powers, in particular Great Britain, that led to Turkey’s
> military action.
>
>
>
> Peter Allen
>
>
>
> Peter S. Allen
>
> Department of Anthropology
>
> Rhode Island College
>
> Providence, RI 0290
>
> 401-456-9639
>
> Fax: 401-456-9736
>
>
>
> *From:* Aristide Caratzas [mailto:acaratzas at gmail.com<acaratzas at gmail.com>]
>
> *Sent:* Monday, May 12, 2014 12:15 PM
> *To:* MGSA-L LIST; Allen, Peter S.; Christos D. Katsetos
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
>
>
> In answer to,
>
> Mr. Allen: Whatever Karaolis & Demetriou were "technically" (basically
> unwilling colonial subjects of the British Crown), they considered
> themselves Greek, and were willing to die for this designation.
>
> It is not particularly good scholarship to establish arbitrarily fixed
> definitions — while all of the above applied, i.e. they were subjects in a
> British colony called Cyprus, the vast majority of its population (80-85%
> is an overwhelming majority by any count) had a Greek identity.
>
> The set of interesting questions from a scholarly point of view have to do
> with the evolution of this identity over time, not its denial — the fact is
> that the Greeks of Cyprus took part in general rising that resulted in the
> Greek revolution of 1821 and were suppressed, as many other parts of the
> Greek world were; indeed parallel to the massacres of Chios in 1822, there
> were massacres in Cyprus during the same year. (With all due respect the
> "call myself Chinese" argument simply is anti-intellectual)
>
> Mr. Danforth: I am sorry to offend you but there is a reason for the
> quotation marks on the term "Turkish," when referring to the Muslims of
> Cyprus. There is a valid historical set of questions as to when a "Turkish"
> (vs. Ottoman, Muslim etc) identity developed, and that in turn is related
> to all kinds of issues relating to identity in the entities that succeeded
> the Ottoman state, the advent of nationalism, its impact (or lack thereof),
> the role of religion, languages, etc. It is not clear what you mean by
> "delegitimize the identity" of another group — the issues I raise certainly
> are scholarly, even though they may have a political edge.
>
> As to your other comments, you may not have noted the fact that Cyprus was
> invaded by the Turkish armed forces in July 1974 — theirs was a successful
> campaign to ethnically cleanse and occupy some 40% of the territory of the
> Cyprus Republic, in process committing all manner war crimes on a major
> scale. And yes, the Turkish invasion and occupation of Cyprus is a
> legitimate subject of study — neither censorship sits well with
> scholarship, even if it hides behind expressions such as "serious advice
> about how to chose..." etc., nor attempts at intimidation with "[a]ttempts
> to defend this nationalistic language" and such.
> One little piece of editorial, and as it turns out substantive advice:
> diminish the use of charged adjectives and give more facts, and the sources
> on which these rest — this kind of presentation is much more interesting
> than polemical spats . . .
>
> ADC
>
>
>
> On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 5:22 PM, Allen, Peter S. <PAllen at ric.edu> wrote:
>
> *I have no desire to prolong this discussion, but I do want to point out
> that in fact the two young men were technically Cypriots or Greek Cypriots,
> not Greeks or something else. It is irrelevant what they called themselves
> (I can call myself Chinese, but that does not make me Chinese). They did
> not have Greek citizenship nor did they have Greek passports.  They were
> citizens of a British colony named Cyprus and thus Cypriots. The island at
> that time had a majority of Greek speakers, but a large Turkish-speaking
> population and some Armenians and probably other ethnic groups. It  was
> customary then, as it is now, to refer to Cypriots as Greek Cypriots or
> Turkish Cypriots, designations that reflect religion and language (the
> Armenians and other seems to have been left out of this).*
>
>
>
> PSA
>
>
>
> Peter S. Allen
>
> Department of Anthropology
>
> Rhode Island College
>
> Providence, RI 0290
>
> 401-456-9639
>
> Fax: 401-456-9736
>
>
>
> *From:* Aristide Caratzas [mailto:acaratzas at gmail.com]
> *Sent:* Monday, May 12, 2014 10:09 AM
> *To:* Allen, Peter S.
> *Cc:* Christos D. Katsetos; MGSA-L LIST
>
>
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
>
>
> Indeed Michalakis Karaolis and Andreas Demetriou were Greek Cypriots —
> they both were members of EOKA and fought specifically to rid the island of
> British colonialism and unite it with Greece ('Enosis' was the explicit
> goal of the liberation struggle); in this they were supported by the vast
> majority of the Greek Cypriots, indeed even many "Turkish" (Muslim)
> Cypriots (cf. the referendum of 1950).
>
> I used the designation Greek for Karaolis and Demetriou because that is
> how they designated themselves — there is plenty of evidence.
>
> There is no conflict between the designations "Greek" and "Greek Cypriot,"
> as the latter refers to origins and local traditions, as in Pontic ,
> Epirotan (or North Epirotan), Macedonian, Thessalian etc.
>
> Over the last decades, after the Turkish invasion of the island in 1974
> and subsequent occupation, the term "Greek Cypriot" has assumed an
> additional meaning with political overtones, to designate one ethnic group
> (with the overwhelming majority) and juxtapose it to the "Turkish" Cypriot.
> This is basically a screen to legitimate the creation of an entity that
> ignores basic democratic precepts such as majority rule.
>
> Finally, I put "Turkish" in quotes because in their overwhelming majority
> they are native Cypriots who were Islamized over the last two-three
> centuries — thus they are to be distinguished for the Turkish settlers from
> Anatolia that Turkish governments have been moving into the illegally
> occupied territory of the Republic of Cyprus.
>
> It would be interesting if some scholar-members of the MGSA would focus on
> the efforts of Ankara and the occupation regimes to alter the cultural
> foundations of the occupied areas, not only by the settlement of
> Anatolians, but also by the physical destruction of the evidence of the
> presence of the Greek Christian culture.
>
> Aristide Caratzas
>
>
>
> Aristide Caratzas
>
>
>
>
>
> On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 4:27 PM, Allen, Peter S. <PAllen at ric.edu> wrote:
>
> *In his post, Mr. Caratzas refers to the two young men as “Greeks”.  Were
> they not in fact Greek Cypriots?*
>
>
>
> PSA
>
>
>
> Peter S. Allen
>
> Department of Anthropology
>
> Rhode Island College
>
> Providence, RI 0290
>
> 401-456-9639
>
> Fax: 401-456-9736
>
>
>
> *From:* Christos D. Katsetos [mailto:cd_katsetos at yahoo.com]
> *Sent:* Saturday, May 10, 2014 5:45 PM
> *To:* Aristide Caratzas; MGSA-L LIST
> *Subject:* Re: [MGSA-L] May 10, 1956: The anniversary of the execution of
> two Greek freedom fighters
>
>
>
> Echoing Aristide Caratzas' post in memory of the two young freedom
> fighters,
>
> Mihalakis Karaolis and Andreas Dimitriou, who on May 10, 1956 were sent
>
> mercilessly to the gallows in a Nicosia prison, I should like to add the
>
> following thoughts.
>
>
>
> In 1956 Mainland Greeks from all walks of life and political persuasion
>
> voiced their strong solidarity with their Greek Cypriot brethren in their
>
> struggle against British colonial rule and for self-determination. The
> historical
>
> memory of the 1955-59 Greek Cypriot uprising and the people's yearning
>
> for ΕΝΩΣΙΣ (unification) with Greece, during that time, ought to be part
> of our
>
> γνώθι σαυτόν and not be misconstrued as a "nationalist" manifestation in
>
> the name of *realpolitik*.  Importantly, Greeks across the democratic
> political
>
> spectrum nowadays should stand united and not allow this sacred memory
>
> to become contaminated --or worse, be held hostage-- by the purveyors of
>
> perverted patriotism, hate mongering, and national socialist
> totalitarianism.
>
>
>
> RELATED LINKS
>
>
>
> E.O.K.A. RIK - CYBC Documentary
>
> EOKA Documentary broadcasted from Cybc (RIK) Cyprus featuring footage
>
> from newsreels of the period.
>
> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=loVBPDQ0VNk
>
>
>
>
>
> "Θα πάρω μιαν ανηφοριά"
>
> Στίχοι:  Ευαγόρας Παλληκαρίδης
>
> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kDjQwgmENE
>
>
>
> Colonial administration records -- Death sentences
>
>
> http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/migrated-archives-6-tranche-guide.pdf
>
>
>
> =======
>
> CDK
>
> 5/10/2014
>
> On Saturday, May 10, 2014 1:21 PM, Aristide Caratzas <acaratzas at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> On this day fifty-eight years ago (May 10, 1956) the British colonial
> administration in Cyprus hanged two young Greeks, Michalakis Karaolis and
> Andreas Demetriou (aged 23 and 22, respectively). Both men, who fought for
> the liberation of their land, went to their death with dignity and without
> fear.
>
> We live at a time during which the notion of self-respect is devalued for
> many and the idea of freedom limited to those that happen to agree with
> them. Furthermore the evocation of the Greek identity, is denied by effete
> internationalists, perverted by Nazi sociopaths, and deranged
> Anarcho-Communist fanatics.
>
> Karaolis and Demetriou, and the others murdered by the British occupation
> forces in that corner of Hellenism, died so that the rest of us maintain
> our self-respect, to live and produce in the context of an identity in
> which the human being is at the center, and the roots of which stretch back
> at least three millennia.
>
>
>
> --
> Aristide D.Caratzas
> acaratzas at gmail.com
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> List-Info: https://maillists.uci.edu/mailman/listinfo/mgsa-l
>
>
>
>
> --
> Aristide D.Caratzas
> acaratzas at gmail.com
>
>
>
>
> --
> Aristide D.Caratzas
> acaratzas at gmail.com
>
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> List-Info: https://maillists.uci.edu/mailman/listinfo/mgsa-l
>
>
>
>
> --
> Aristide D.Caratzas
> acaratzas at gmail.com
>



-- 
Aristide D.Caratzas
acaratzas at gmail.com
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