[MGSA-L] Fwd: [HELLAS-GREECE:10401] Fwd: CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND PRISONS IN GREECE UNDER FASCIST ITALIAN AUITHORITY

[June Samaras]

>From another list

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Roman Herzog <roman.herzog at alice.it>
Date: Fri, Mar 29, 2013 at 4:07 AM


 Dear all

Apostolos Papageorgiou encouraged us to get in touch with your list.

Andrea Giuseppini and me are directing a historical research about the
Italian concentration system established by fascist authorities in occupied
territories and in Italy. We began the research in December 2011
collaborating with the following international partners:  (Fondazione Museo
della Shoah <http://www.museodellashoah.it/> Roma, Berliner
Geschichtswerkstatt <http://www.berliner-geschichtswerkstatt.de/>,
NS-Dokumentationszentrum <http://www.museenkoeln.de/ns-dok/> Köln, Fritz
Bauer Institut <http://www.fritz-bauer-institut.de/>, ’Inštitut za socialno
psihiatrijoin psihotravmatologijo <http://www.ispp.si/>(ISPP) Ljubljana).

The topic is a clear research lack, as only in recent years international
and Italian scholars have come up with first and very heterogeneous
studies, focussing only on partial elements. The aims of the projects are
two:

a) to list all Italian camps (including prisons and other facilities) used
for interning people because of racial or political prosecution and
repression, documented by archive resources made available in single
entries for each camp together with short descriptions, and

b) to gather interviews with direct testimonies of survivors associated to
the camps in question.

All gathered and elaborated material is made available in the online
archive and documentation centre: www.campifascisti.it. The archive offers
besides the resources and the growing camp-list also google-based maps of
the camps in the different countries.

So far the website is only in Italian language and we surely know that an
English translation is needed, but alike many people we work with very
little funds and have to be enduring, as times are very difficult. But
surely we began a work which so far has not been done and which needs to be
done and completed. (since November 2012 the project has 0 financing and we
continue on a voluntary basis)

In the first year of the ongoing research three main archives have been
researched (*Slovenian State Archive Lubljana* <http://www.arhiv.gov.si/>*,
* Ufficio Storico dello Stato Maggiore dell'Esercito
Rome,<http://www.esercito.difesa.it/Storia/UfficioStoricoSME/Pagine/default.aspx>and
International
<http://www.its-arolsen.org/en/homepage/index.html>Tracing Service di Bad
Arolsen) <http://www.its-arolsen.org/en/homepage/index.html> making over
900 documents and 150 Photos available, 16 original testimonies with
survivors have been recorded as well as 11 written testimonies made
available to the public for the first time. With these resources more than
500 Italian camps could be identified and documented.

>From the beginning of the project we have tried to encounter in discussion
with the international partners two main difficulties of the research:

a) the typology of the Italian camp system, and

b) the typology of the interned people.

The approach chosen has been to rely on the original denominations by
fascist authorities for the categorisations. Ten different types of camps
have therefore been identified: Concentration camps, Forced labour camps,
transit camps, Confinement localities, Internment localities, locality of
compulsory residence, Prisons, POW camps, POW-working camps and Provincial
camps of the RSI (Repubblica sociale italiana). As for the categorisation
of the internees the so far recognized different types have been:
political, civil, military, stateless and common criminal internees,
Italian Jews, Non-Italian Jews and Gypsies. All types have been
differentiated by nationalities.

So far we have not covered Greece. All entries you can find are only
reminders for upcoming work, as we use the online archive as a kind of
“notepad”: it is - I should underline that – an ongoing work in progress.
So you will find more or less complete entries with descriptions and much
documentation material, as also camps where only the location itself so far
has been determined.

By no means we think that we so far have a complete overview. As even
estimating how many camps will be the final result at this moment seams
quite difficult.

Accordingly Mr Papageorgiou wrote us, that after checking our list of the
concentration camps of the fascist Italian occupation forces in Greece, he
found only three listed, the camps of Larissa, Chaidari and Rhodes (which
served also as confinement location).
To his knowledge there are more:
-Kalavryta at northern Peloponnesos south of Aigion in the southern coast
of the Gulf of Corinth.

-Katouna at Akarnania province at Western Greece south of the town
Amfilochia or Amphilochia port of the Gulf of Amvrakia or Arta.
-And the School Kaplaneion of the town of Jannina or Ioannina, province of
Epirus NW of Greece.

Papageorgiou mentioned, that there is not much research work done for the
period of the occupation by the Italian forces from spring 1941 to
Sept. 9th1943.

Surely there should be more camps and as mentioned, so far our work on
Greece has to begin.

I would therefore like to address to you two questions:

a) Is there any expert on the topic or organisation/institution in Greece
working on it?

b) If not, is there relevant literature on the subject, did anybody do some
local research on single camps/prisons?

Please feel free to give us any hint or contribution. The whole project, as
you can see online, is relying hardly on collaborations from international
scholars. So far, over 40 individual researchers and institutions
contributed from several countries (see
http://www.campifascisti.it/pagina.php?id_pag=2 where we list all
collaborators under “Ringraziamo per la loro collaborazione al progetto”).



Best regards

**

** Dr. Roman Herzog
Via Piero Calamandrei 33
I-96017 Noto (SR)
Tel.: ++39 0931 835 199
Cell: ++39 320 74 24 735
www.audiodoc.it



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